• To better understand the pathophysiology of ASDs we

  2024-06-25

  

  To better understand the pathophysiology of ASDs, we would need comprehensive information on a) the functions of ASD-associated proteins in the brain, b) how mutations affect the expression level and function of these proteins, c) how mutations affect their function in neurons, and d) how changed ne

• The myasthenia scale of Millichap and

  2024-06-25

  

  The myasthenia scale of Millichap and Dodge was used in our study for ease of comparison of our retrospective data with previous paediatric studies. Our results, with 30% achieving complete remission and 95% achieving at least some degree of clinical improvement following thymectomy, are comparable

• Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas and Axl

  2024-06-25

  

  Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas6 and Axl with neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), demonstrated that Gas6 and Axl are expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia/macrophages (Fig. 2). In

• br Acknowledgement This work was funded by NIH

  2024-06-25

  

  Acknowledgement This work was funded by NIH/NINDS grant number NS080967 to C. Waites. Introduction Macro-autophagy also called autophagy is a conserved pathway for the lysosomal degradation and recycling of intracellular materials. It is instrumental for the homeostasis of cells and tissues a

• Acl converts cytosolic citrate CoA and ATP

  2024-06-25

  

  Acl converts cytosolic citrate, CoA and ATP into acetyl-CoA, ADP+Pi and oxaloacetate (Fig. 1). This cytosolic enzyme is present in few Prokaryotes and in all Eukaryotes, but not in non-oleaginous yeasts [14]. Thus, this enzyme was presumed to be essential for FA synthesis [1], [13], [15]. In most m

• Many coumarin derivatives can be

  2024-06-25

  

  Many coumarin derivatives can be found in nature. There are more than 1300 types of those purely derived from plants, and if synthetic products are included, their number is immeasurable. According to the earliest existing records extant, herbs containing Psoralen-type compounds, e.g., methoxsalen,

• br Discussion Arginase and Arginase are

  2024-06-25

  

  Discussion Arginase 1 and Arginase 2 are homologous enzymes that consume l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea [14], [15]. These enzymes compete with NO synthases for the same substrate [14], [15], [30], and therefore may reduce NO production [21], [24], [30]. The colocalization of arginases

• Indications that HMGA proteins are

  2024-06-24

  

  Indications that HMGA proteins are involved in regulating the structure and function of large chromatin domains come from the early work of Saitoh and Laemmli [143]. Employing immunolocalization techniques, these workers demonstrated that HMGA1 proteins are co-localized with both histone H1 and the

• We designed SSOs that block APP exon splicing and induce

  2024-06-24

  

  We designed SSOs that block APP exon 17 splicing and induce the production of an alternatively spliced APP mRNA lacking exon 17 (APPΔex17). APPΔex17 mRNA encodes an APP protein isoform that lacks 49 AP1903 including the γ-secretase cleavage sites that give rise to the toxic, AD-associated Aβ42 pept

• Introduction Induction of long term

  2024-06-24

  

  Introduction Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), the cellular correlate of learning and memory, triggers profound changes in the structure and function of excitatory synapses by increasing dendritic spine size and synaptic strength. Significant progress has been made in understanding the int

• A previous study showed that miR c

  2024-06-24

  

  A previous study showed that miR-200c is involved in glucose-mediated pathological processes (Zhang, Guan, & Jin, 2017). Glucose metabolism is critical for the growth and proliferation of both normal glucose transport proteins and cancer cells, and reprogramming glucose metabolism now has been cons

• In contrast to the beneficial treatment of skin

  2024-06-24

  

  In contrast to the beneficial treatment of skin-inflammation with PAH containing coal tar, epidemiology showed that environmental pollution, containing AHR-activating PAH, lead to more eczema [80]. Of note, other epidemiological data suggested that Th17 cell polarization may be enhanced air pollutio

• We stimulated HNEpC cells with

  2024-06-24

  

  We stimulated HNEpC cells with LPS found that the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of AHR was increased significantly, and miR124 was reduced. It has been found that LPS as a foreign substance can bind to the TLR family of proteins to activate intracellular AHR signaling [[19],

• An important observation in our study

  2024-06-24

  

  An important observation in our study is the lack of effect of paroxetine pretreatment alone on β2AR membrane expression, which suggests that paroxetine, and pharmacologic inhibition of GRK2 in general, does not directly induce changes in receptor dynamics. Rather, the decreased ligand-induced β-arr

• In the olfactory bulb expression was especially prominent in

  2024-06-24

  

  In the olfactory bulb, expression was especially prominent in the mitral cell layer from embryonic stages to adult tissues (Figs. 1D–G). By E14–E16, Ack1 signal was remarkably intense in the proliferative ventricular zone (Fig. 1D). From E18 to adult, expression was also observed in glomerular and g

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