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Protein arrays provide a new
2024-12-27

Protein arrays provide a new approach for the identification of substrates for several protein-modifying enzymes. For example, protein kinase substrate identification, which constitutes an important aspect of pathway mapping because of the prevalence of these substrates in biological pathways. MacBe
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Plant defensins are cysteine rich cationic
2024-12-27

Plant defensins are cysteine-rich cationic peptides of 5–8 kDa whose mature domain comprises 45 to 54 amino dnmt residues, with an isoelectric point around 9. The global fold of plant defensins consists of a cysteine-stabilized motif (CSα/β) made up of an α-helix and a triple-stranded β-sheet stabil
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br Conclusions br Transparency document br Acknowledgements
2024-12-27

Conclusions Transparency document Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the European Commission FP6 “Neuroprion” – Network of Excellence and Royal Veterinary College Bioveterinary science research project funding. We thank Professor Alun Williams (Cambridge University) fo
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br Experimental section br Abbreviations PSA puromycin sensi
2024-12-27

Experimental section Abbreviations PSA, puromycin–sensitive aminopeptidase; APN, aminopeptidase N; AML, acute myeloid Leukemia; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AADR, amino Poziotinib receptor deprivation response; PAN, puromycin aminonucleoside; DCC, dicyclohexyl carbodiimide; NHS, N–hydro
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br Experimental section br Introduction Microglia were
2024-12-27

Experimental section Introduction Microglia were discovered as a novel cell population in Sigma receptor modulator in 1933 by a Spanish physician and histologist Pío del Río-Hortega [1]. In the eye, scientists used Hortega's staining technique to label the microglia in the retinal outer plexi
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Interestingly hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg
2024-12-27

Interestingly, hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect ultimately lead to increased lactate production. The accumulation of lactate results in an acidic tumor microenvironment, which induces local inflammation. Lactate also promotes the polarization of macrophages that express immunosuppressive argin
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In particular we focused our attention on beta
2024-12-27

In particular, we focused our attention on beta2 adrenergic receptors, since their commercial inhibitors are effective in lowering IOP, the primary indication of glaucoma. The hypotensive action of a commercial sequence of beta2 adrenergic receptor siRNA was tested in rabbits. The results confirmed
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A c and CD are expressed in a small
2024-12-26

A2c and CD73 are expressed in a small population of OSNs with pear-shaped morphology. In spite of the expression of molecular markers of ciliated OSNs such as Golf, ACIII, and OMP [1, 17], these OSNs have an extremely short dendrite and are located in the superficial layer of OE. In addition to the
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br Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by
2024-12-26

Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures and represents one of the most frequent neurological diseases affecting about 60 million people worldwide (McNamara, 1999). It is estimated that up to 50% of all cases are triggered by “initial precipitating injuries”, such
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Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter
2024-12-26

Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion around the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and revealed inflammatory demyelination, such as myelin loss with relative preservation of axons, astrocytosis immnolabeled by HCV replication inhibitor against glial fibrillary acidic p
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The structures of these compounds were
2024-12-26

The structures of these compounds were confirmed from their spectral and micro analytical data. Based on [M + H] 367, molecular formula of was established as CHON. The IR spectrum of showed DMP 777 receptor due to CO stretching at 1700 Cm & OH stretching at 3188 Cm indicating that compound contains
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receptor tyrosine kinase Furthermore new strategies to achie
2024-12-26

Furthermore, new strategies to achieve a total androgen deprivation namely by blocking either androgen biosynthesis as well as AR are being considered and should be a relevant topic in the near future. A successful example of this approach is galeterone (159), which not only inhibits the CYP17 enzym
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In the nineties we knew that
2024-12-26

In the nineties we knew that (-)baclofen was the stereo-selective ligand for the GABAB receptor which had been recognised by Norman Bowery as a receptor for GABA, which was different from the GABAA receptor (Hill and Bowery, 1981). GABAB receptor antagonists were also synthesised and made available
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Introduction Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK a family
2024-12-26

Introduction Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a family member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, selectively activates the JNK and p38 MAP kinase pathways in response to various types of stresses, including oxidative stress, and subsequently indu
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Citral or dimethyl octadien al is a mixture of
2024-12-26

Citral or 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al is a mixture of two stereoisomeric monoterpene aldehydes (the trans isomer geranial, citral A (40–62%)) and the cis isomer neral, citral B (25–38%) and serves one of the main constituent of essential oils of C. citratusis used in cosmetic, food, fungicides, p
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