• br Myelin and metabolism In addition to promoting efficient

  2022-06-05

  

  Myelin and metabolism In addition to promoting efficient dofetilide mg propagation, myelin is also critical for trophic and metabolic support of axons [56]. To provide metabolites to axons accurately, glia must ‘know’ the metabolic requirements of axons. Could electrical activity by axons functi

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-06-05

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion and conclusions Our data demonstrate that native and 2-OMe-LPC analogues are GPR119 ligands and activate insulin secretion from βTC-3 pancreatic cells. LPC 18:1 was the first proposed endogenous ligand for GPR119 [1], however natural LPC has limited

• Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate

  2022-06-05

  

  Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate that niacin-induced hyperglycemia is proportional to the degree of insulin resistance induced, implying that there is deterioration in islet function with niacin treatment (McCulloch et al., 1991). In this regard, we have demonstrated, for th

• It is possible that maternal separation induced USV in

  2022-06-05

  

  It is possible that maternal separation-induced USV in neonatal rodents is not a good model of adult anxiety for examining GlyT1 inhibitors, if the expression levels of GlyT1, GlyA, and GlyB markedly differ between pups and adults. However, several reports provide evidence that this is not the case.

• While TUNEL staining is traditionally thought to be

  2022-06-05

  

  While TUNEL staining is traditionally thought to be an apoptosis marker, studies have shown that TUNEL can stain necrotic Ponesimod [19], [20], [21]. Furthermore, DNA degradation has also been observed in necrotic cells [22]. TUNEL staining alone is therefore insufficient to distinguish apoptosis f

• The gene structures of cGalR and cGalR L

  2022-06-05

  

  The gene structures of cGalR2 and cGalR2-L were determined by in silico comparison with the chicken genomic DNA sequences retrieved from the Ensembl database. Both cGalR2 and cGalR2-L genes are composed of two coding exons, separated by single introns of 0.9kb (cGalR2) or 3kb (cGalR2-L) locating wit

• OCA has recently been approved for the

  2022-06-05

  

  OCA has recently been approved for the treatment of patients with PBC and is under study for diseases such as NASH, PSC and biliary atresia [30], [49]. Up to now, the beneficial effects of OCA have been related to its anti-cholestatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. We have here re

• Within a live organism cells

  2022-06-02

  

  Within a live organism, cells need to transfer information to each other. Exocytosis is one of the critical mechanism which releases variety of ligands into the extracellular space. When cells export material via exocytosis, they first pack into vesicles, then cause the vesicles to tether at the pla

• In neurons and neuroendocrine cells the productive fusion pa

  2022-06-02

  

  In neurons and neuroendocrine cells, the productive fusion pathway is thought to initiate with the Munc18-1/Syx1 complex (Ma et al., 2013, Hughson, 2013, Lai et al., 2017). The Munc13-1 MUN domain is able to catalyze opening of Syx1 (the transition from the Munc18-1/Syx1 complex to the SNARE complex

• In summary tail vein injection

  2022-06-02

  

  In summary, tail vein injection of mmLDL activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, leading to increased serum concentrations and increased vascular wall expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and may cause increased expression of vascular smooth muscle ETB receptors and the ETB receptor-mediated contractile

• br Results br Discussion HIV reservoirs

  2022-06-02

  

  Results Discussion HIV reservoirs represent a major barrier to HIV eradication (Archin et al., 2014, Kimata et al., 2016), and substantial research efforts are being directed toward the goal of identifying and eliminating this obstacle to cure (Archin and Margolis, 2014, Pitman et al., 2018).

• br To explore further the functional impact of the

  2022-06-02

  

  To explore further the functional impact of the similarity of the UTY and KDM6A proteins, the FANTOM5 human dataset was analysed to determine whether or not the genes were expressed at the same time in the same tissues (which would suggest that they are controlled by the same regulators) or with o

• br H R agonists In search for potent and selective

  2022-06-02

  

  H2R agonists In search for potent and selective H2R agonists, comprehensive structure–activity relationship studies have been conducted and led to the first H2R agonists, e.g. 4(5)-methylhistamine (16) which is actually now used as selective H4R agonist (Fig. 4) (Durant et al., 1975, Lim et al.,

• Oltipraz has been shown to

  2022-06-02

  

  Oltipraz has been shown to inhibit the growth of HCC arginase inhibitors and is being evaluated in clinical trials as a potential anti-cancer drug for HCC (Mann et al., 2009; Piton et al., 2005; Yates and Kensler, 2007). The present observation that pre-treatment of tumorigenic liver cells with olti

• ionomycin receptor br GSNOR activity and functions The ident

  2022-06-02

  

  GSNOR activity and functions The identification of the enzyme responsible for GSNO decomposition dates back to 1998, when Jensen and colleagues described an NAD(P)H-dependent GSNO catabolizing activity in cytosolic fractions obtained from rat liver [16]. Upon purification, they identified this en

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